diff --git a/frontend/src/pages/SystemSettings.tsx b/frontend/src/pages/SystemSettings.tsx
index 4a035c3..d35af11 100644
--- a/frontend/src/pages/SystemSettings.tsx
+++ b/frontend/src/pages/SystemSettings.tsx
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { useEffect, useState } from 'react';
+import { useEffect, useRef, useState } from 'react';
 import {
   Palette, Monitor, Moon, Sun,
   Save, RotateCcw, CheckCircle2, Globe, Bell, Loader2, ExternalLink, ChevronDown, ChevronRight
@@ -89,6 +89,12 @@ export default function SystemSettings() {
   const [notifications, setNotifications] = useState<NotificationConfig>(defaultNotifications);
   const [llm, setLlm] = useState({ enabled: false, endpoint: '', model: '', apiKey: '' });
   const [llmProvider, setLlmProvider] = useState('custom');
+  // 先测试才能保存：null=未测 true=通过；任何表单修改都会重置
+  const [llmTestOk, setLlmTestOk] = useState<boolean | null>(null);
+  const updateLlm = (patch: Partial<typeof llm>) => {
+    setLlm((prev) => ({ ...prev, ...patch }));
+    setLlmTestOk(null);
+  };
   const [lark, setLark] = useState({ enabled: false, webhook: '', secret: '' });
   const [ldap, setLdap] = useState({
     enabled: false,
@@ -109,9 +115,12 @@ export default function SystemSettings() {
 
   const { data: settings } = useQuery({ queryKey: ['settings'], queryFn: apiClient.getSettings });
 
-  // 用后端数据初始化表单（仅在数据变化时覆盖本地编辑态）
+  // 用后端数据初始化表单：仅在首次拿到数据时执行一次，
+  // 避免后续 settings 刷新（保存其它配置后 invalidate）把用户正在编辑的表单打回已保存值
+  const initedRef = useRef(false);
   useEffect(() => {
-    if (!settings) return;
+    if (!settings || initedRef.current) return;
+    initedRef.current = true;
     setTheme(safeParse<ThemeConfig>(settings.theme, defaultTheme));
     setNotifications(safeParse<NotificationConfig>(settings.notification, defaultNotifications));
     setLlm((prev) => ({
@@ -238,6 +247,7 @@ export default function SystemSettings() {
       llmApiKey: llm.apiKey || undefined,
     }),
     onSuccess: (res) => {
+      setLlmTestOk(!!res.success);
       if (res.success) toast.success('AI 连接成功', { description: res.message });
       else toast.error('AI 连接失败', { description: res.message });
     },
@@ -534,7 +544,7 @@ export default function SystemSettings() {
           </div>
           <div className="p-5 space-y-4">
             <label className="flex items-center gap-2 cursor-pointer">
-              <input type="checkbox" checked={llm.enabled} onChange={(e) => setLlm({ ...llm, enabled: e.target.checked })} />
+              <input type="checkbox" checked={llm.enabled} onChange={(e) => updateLlm({ enabled: e.target.checked })} />
               <span className="text-[12px]" style={{ color: 'var(--text-primary)' }}>启用 AI（OpenAI 兼容接口：DeepSeek / GLM / Qwen 等）</span>
             </label>
             <div className="space-y-1.5">
@@ -547,7 +557,7 @@ export default function SystemSettings() {
                   const preset = LLM_PROVIDERS.find((p) => p.id === id);
                   if (preset && id !== 'custom') {
                     // 非 custom：自动填入 endpoint/model（用户仍可修改）
-                    setLlm((prev) => ({ ...prev, endpoint: preset.endpoint, model: preset.model }));
+                    updateLlm({ endpoint: preset.endpoint, model: preset.model });
                   }
                 }}
                 className="w-full px-3 py-[6px] text-[12px] rounded-md border outline-none"
@@ -562,7 +572,7 @@ export default function SystemSettings() {
               <div className="space-y-1.5">
                 <label className="text-[12px]" style={{ color: 'var(--text-secondary)' }}>接口地址</label>
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5">
-                  <input value={llm.endpoint} onChange={(e) => setLlm({ ...llm, endpoint: e.target.value })} placeholder="https://api.deepseek.com/v1" className="flex-1 min-w-0 px-3 py-[6px] text-[12px] rounded-md border outline-none font-mono" style={{ background: 'var(--panel-bg-secondary)', borderColor: 'var(--border-color-light)', color: 'var(--text-primary)' }} />
+                  <input value={llm.endpoint} onChange={(e) => updateLlm({ endpoint: e.target.value })} placeholder="https://api.deepseek.com/v1" className="flex-1 min-w-0 px-3 py-[6px] text-[12px] rounded-md border outline-none font-mono" style={{ background: 'var(--panel-bg-secondary)', borderColor: 'var(--border-color-light)', color: 'var(--text-primary)' }} />
                   {!!LLM_PROVIDERS.find((p) => p.id === llmProvider)?.keyUrl && (
                     <a
                       href={LLM_PROVIDERS.find((p) => p.id === llmProvider)!.keyUrl}
@@ -579,22 +589,37 @@ export default function SystemSettings() {
               </div>
               <div className="space-y-1.5">
                 <label className="text-[12px]" style={{ color: 'var(--text-secondary)' }}>模型</label>
-                <input value={llm.model} onChange={(e) => setLlm({ ...llm, model: e.target.value })} placeholder="deepseek-chat" className="w-full px-3 py-[6px] text-[12px] rounded-md border outline-none font-mono" style={{ background: 'var(--panel-bg-secondary)', borderColor: 'var(--border-color-light)', color: 'var(--text-primary)' }} />
+                <input value={llm.model} onChange={(e) => updateLlm({ model: e.target.value })} placeholder="deepseek-chat" className="w-full px-3 py-[6px] text-[12px] rounded-md border outline-none font-mono" style={{ background: 'var(--panel-bg-secondary)', borderColor: 'var(--border-color-light)', color: 'var(--text-primary)' }} />
               </div>
               <div className="space-y-1.5 col-span-2">
                 <label className="text-[12px]" style={{ color: 'var(--text-secondary)' }}>API Key</label>
-                <input type="password" value={llm.apiKey} onChange={(e) => setLlm({ ...llm, apiKey: e.target.value })} placeholder={settings?.llmApiKeySet ? '已配置，留空不修改' : 'sk-...'} className="w-full px-3 py-[6px] text-[12px] rounded-md border outline-none font-mono" style={{ background: 'var(--panel-bg-secondary)', borderColor: 'var(--border-color-light)', color: 'var(--text-primary)' }} />
+                <input type="password" value={llm.apiKey} onChange={(e) => updateLlm({ apiKey: e.target.value })} placeholder={settings?.llmApiKeySet ? '已配置，留空不修改' : 'sk-...'} className="w-full px-3 py-[6px] text-[12px] rounded-md border outline-none font-mono" style={{ background: 'var(--panel-bg-secondary)', borderColor: 'var(--border-color-light)', color: 'var(--text-primary)' }} />
               </div>
             </div>
             <p className="text-[11px]" style={{ color: 'var(--text-tertiary)' }}>未启用 AI 时，智能助手自动降级为本地规则模式（按服务名匹配，仍可正常发布）</p>
             <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
-              <button onClick={() => saveLlmMutation.mutate()} disabled={saveLlmMutation.isPending} className="px-3 py-1 text-[12px] rounded-md text-white disabled:opacity-60" style={{ background: 'var(--accent-blue)' }}>
+              <button
+                onClick={() => saveLlmMutation.mutate()}
+                disabled={saveLlmMutation.isPending || (llm.enabled && llmTestOk !== true)}
+                title={llm.enabled && llmTestOk !== true ? '请先「测试连接」通过后再保存' : undefined}
+                className="px-3 py-1 text-[12px] rounded-md text-white disabled:opacity-50"
+                style={{ background: 'var(--accent-blue)' }}
+              >
                 {saveLlmMutation.isPending ? '保存中…' : '保存 AI 配置'}
               </button>
               <button onClick={() => testLlmMutation.mutate()} disabled={testLlmMutation.isPending} className="px-3 py-1 text-[12px] rounded-md border disabled:opacity-60" style={{ borderColor: 'var(--border-color-light)', color: 'var(--text-secondary)' }}>
-                {testLlmMutation.isPending ? '测试中…' : '测试连接（按当前表单直测）'}
+                {testLlmMutation.isPending ? '测试中…' : '测试连接'}
               </button>
+              {llm.enabled && llmTestOk === true && (
+                <span className="text-[10px] px-1.5 py-[2px] rounded font-medium" style={{ background: '#dafbe1', color: '#1a7f37' }}>✓ 测试通过，可保存</span>
+              )}
+              {llm.enabled && llmTestOk === false && (
+                <span className="text-[10px] px-1.5 py-[2px] rounded font-medium" style={{ background: '#ffebe9', color: '#cf222e' }}>测试未通过，请检查配置</span>
+              )}
             </div>
+            {llm.enabled && llmTestOk !== true && (
+              <p className="text-[11px]" style={{ color: 'var(--text-tertiary)' }}>启用 AI 后需先「测试连接」通过才能保存，避免保存不可用配置</p>
+            )}
           </div>
         </div>
           </>