feat(q1): 前端类型安全治理完成 — any 83→40, P0 全部 done

- types/monitor.ts: 新增 6 个运行时记录类型(AlertEventRecord/AlertRuleRecord/
  AgentHostRecord/CronJobRecord/CertExpiryRecord/ApprovalWorkflowStepRecord)
- types/common.ts: 新增 OptionItem 通用下拉类型
- 组件级 any 清理 43 处:
  - AlertEventsTab/AlertRulesTab/AlertChannelDialog/alertShared (19处)
  - AuditOperationsTab normalizeLog + 筛选器 (8处)
  - CronJobManager 任务列表/编辑/操作 (6处)
  - AgentMonitor 主机列表/命令执行 (5处)
  - DashboardRecent 5 张卡片组件 (5处)
  - AlertManager 状态类型对齐 (联动修复)
  - Dashboard.tsx 调用端类型对齐 (联动修复)
- AlertChannel 接口新增 test_status 字段
- ESLint any: 83→40 (<50 目标达成)
- tsc -b / tsc --noEmit: 零错误
- npm run build: ✓ built in 17.11s
- 9/9 核心 API 回归通过

frontend/src/components/monitor/AlertEventsTab.tsx

@@ -14,13 +14,14 @@ import {
 } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { Search, AlertTriangle, Bell, CheckCircle, Loader2 } from 'lucide-react';
 import { alertApi } from '@/api';
+import type { AlertEventRecord } from '@/types';
 
 export function AlertEventsTab({
   alerts,
   loading,
   onReload,
 }: {
-  alerts: any[];
+  alerts: AlertEventRecord[];
   loading: boolean;
   onReload: () => void;
 }) {
@@ -38,7 +39,7 @@ export function AlertEventsTab({
     return matchesSearch && matchesSeverity && matchesStatus;
   });
 
-  const getSeverityBadge = ( severity: any) => {
+  const getSeverityBadge = ( severity: string) => {
     switch (severity) {
       case 'critical':
         return (
@@ -66,7 +67,7 @@ export function AlertEventsTab({
     }
   };
 
-  const getStatusBadge = ( status: any) => {
+  const getStatusBadge = ( status: string) => {
     switch (status) {
       case 'firing':
         return (
@@ -85,7 +86,7 @@ export function AlertEventsTab({
     }
   };
 
-  const handleAcknowledge = async ( id: any) => {
+  const handleAcknowledge = async ( id: number) => {
     try {
       await alertApi.acknowledge(id);
       onReload();